Digestive System: From Mouth to Absorption

In the paper

Human Biology and Physiology is the heaviest unit in Zoology, 15 of the 40 marks over eight chapters, so the digestive system is usually worth one or two questions. MEC's scope line — "Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Physiology of digestion" — is short, but almost every fact in it is testable. The usual angles:

• Recall: which cell secretes what (parietal cell, chief cell, G cell), the dental formula, which enzyme acts at which pH.
• Understanding: why pepsin is released as pepsinogen, why bile has no enzyme yet is essential for fat digestion, why the stomach does not digest itself.
• Application: a patient with pale stools and dark urine, a child with a swollen belly on a maize-only diet, a protein solution incubated with an extract at the wrong pH.
• Negation: "which is NOT a function of the liver".